Others
Selected parliaments (e.g. U.S. Congress delegations), international NGOs (NDI/IRI usually send teams), and the United Nations also follow Ghana’s elections closely, though their statements are generally political or advisory.
Associated Country Ghana
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
As an ECOWAS member, Ghana hosted ECOWAS observation missions in 2020 and 2024 to evaluate adherence to regional democratic standards.
Commonwealth Observer Group (COG)
The Commonwealth Secretariat sent observer groups in 2020 and 2024. The 16-member 2024 COG (led by former Botswana President Masisi) praised Ghana’s “transparent, credible and peaceful” process.
The National Peace Council (promoting peaceful polls)
WANEP-Ghana (conflict-prevention)
Institute of Democratic Governance (IDEG)
The Coalition of Domestic Election Observers (CODEO)
The Coalition of Domestic Election Observers (CODEO), coordinated by CDD-Ghana, is Ghana’s largest domestic observer network. CODEO comprises ~40 NGOs, faith and professional groups (e.g. Ghana Bar Association, labour, media unions) and conducts long-term and election-day observation.
District Assembly (Local) Elections
Held every 4 years, six months apart from national elections. The most recent District Assembly elections took place on 19 December 2023 and the next are anticipated in 2027. (Note: District election candidates run as independents, not on party tickets.)
General Elections
Presidential & Parliamentary Elections: Ghana’s Constitution (Art. 62) mandates general elections every 4 years on the second Tuesday of December. The last polls were held 7 December 2024 The next general elections are therefore expected in December 2028 (exact date…
Other Key Actors
The Supreme Court plays a crucial role by adjudicating electoral disputes, particularly those related to presidential elections. The National Peace Council and the Ghana Police Service also contribute by helping to maintain peace during the electoral process. The EC is…